Last modified: 2022-06-07
Abstract
This research focused on ritual model of fertility regarding the worship of Goddess Sri in Sundanese local community at Kasepuhan Banten Kidul, Banten Province. The Worship of Goddess Sri was associated with Hindu’s influence but the fact the community had already known the concept of religion before, in prehistoric period. The study reveals the Seren Taun ritual or post-harvest ceremony, its symbols, religion of Sundanese, and its cosmology of the community of Kasepuhan Cisungsang, Kasepuhan Banten Kidul in particular. The study uses qualitative descriptive approaches through fertility ritual model. The research show that ritual fertility model have three elements, Karuhun or Wiwitan as tradition, and Islamic elements include Ustadz or Kyai, then purity elements and gratitude to Nyi Pohaci Sanghyang Sri or Goddess Sri. Based on Turner’s social drama theory and ritual model of fertility show that Seren Taun can be observed as connection and bond to all Kasepuhan Banten Kidul community to solve the crises and problems by preserving the teaching or pikukuh Karuhun of Sunda Wiwitan.
Key Words: ritual, fertility, Seren Taun, Kasepuhan Cisungsang, Sri
References
Arifinsyah. (2018). Ilmu Perbandingan Agama: Dari Regulasi ke Toleransi. Medan: Perdana
Agustianto A. (2011). “Makna Simbol Dalam Kehidupan Manusia,” Jurnal Ilmu Budaya 8 (1): 1—63.
Bellwood, Peter. (2007). Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago. Canberra: ANU E- Press.
Bungin, Burhan. (Ed.). (2008). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif: Aktualisasi Metodologis ke Arah Ragam Varian Kontemporer. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Dhavamony, Mariasusai. (1995). Fenomologi Agama. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Dewi, Trisna Kumala Satya, Supriyadi, Heru & Dasuki, Sholeh. (2018). “Kearifan Lokal Mitos Pertanian Dewi Sri dalam Naskah Jawa dan Aktualisasinya sebagai Perekat Kesatuan Bangsa,” Jurnal Manassa: Manuskripta, 8(2): 89-107.
Dwi Susilo, Rachmad K. (2008). Sosiologi Lingkungan. Jakarta: Rajawali Press.
Dwiatmini, Sriati. (2014). “Fungsi dan Makna Upacara Seren Taunn di Kampung Budaya Sindangbarang Bogor,” Makalangan 1 (1): 47—58.
Ekopriyono, Andi. (2005). The Spirit of Pluralisme. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Eller, Jack David. (2007). Introduction Anthropology of Religion: Culture to the Ultimate. New York: Routledge.
Firmansyah, Eka Kurnia dan Nurina Dyah Putrisari. (2017). “Sistem Religi dan Kepercayaan Masyarakat Kampung Adat Kuta Kecamatan Tambaksari Kabupaten Ciamis,” Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 1 (4): 236—243.
Fox, James F.(1998). Megalithic Rituals. Indonesia Heritage: Religion and Ritual 9:106-107.
Garna, Judistira, K. (2008). Budaya Sunda: Melintas Waktu Menantang Masa Depan. Bandung: Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Padjajaran dan Judistira Garna Foundation.
Geertz, Clifford.(1973). Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays. New York: Basic Books.
Geertz, Clifford.(1963). Agricultural Involution: The Process of Ecological Change in Indonesia. California: California University Press.
Grim, John A. (2001). “Indigenous Traditions and Deep Ecology.” Deep Ecology and World Religion: New Essays on Sacred Ground, edited by Roger S. Barnhill, David L. and Gottlieb, 35–54. Albany: New York University Press.
Harris, Mark and Rapport, Nigel. (Eds.) (2015). Reflections and Imagination: Human Capacity and Ethnographic Method. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing.
Harvey, Graham. (2006). Animism: Respecting the Living World. New York: Columbia University Press.
Hendro, Eko Punto. (2020). “Simbol: Arti, Fungsi, dan Implikasi Metodologisnya,” Endogami 3 (2): 158—165.
Heryatun, Yayu, et al. (2018). Budaya Masyarakat Kasepuhan Cisungsang. Banten: LP2M UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin.
Iskandar, Johan & Supangat, Budiawati. (2018). “Etnoekologi, Biodiversitas Padi, dan Modernisasi Budidaya Padi: Studi Kasus pada Masyarakat Baduy dan Kampung Naga,” Jurnal Biodjati, 3( 1): 47-62.
Khomsan, Ali and Wigna, Winati. (2009). “Sosio-Budaya Pangan Suku Baduy”. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 4 (2): 63-71.
Koentjaraningrat. (2009). Pengantar Ilmu Antropologi. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
Magiman, Mohamad Maulana. (2022). “Teori Simbol Kesucian: Analisis Budaya Etnik Sarawak,” ANP Journal of Social Science and Humanities 3: 1—9.
Magiman, Mohammad Maulana and Yatim, Othman. (2012). “Simbol dalam Makan Tahun Masyarakat Kadayan, Sarawak”. Jurnal Melayu 9: 259-287.
Miharja, Deni. (2015). “Sistem Kepercayaan Awal Masyarakat Sunda,” Al-Adyan 10 (1): 19—36.
Miller, Tyler. (2012). Living in the Environment: Principles, Connections, and Solutions. Ketujuhbel. Canada: Nelson Thomson Learning.
Nastiti, Titi .S. (2017). “Dewi Sri Dalam Kepercayaan Masyarakat Indonesia,” Jurnal Tumotuwa Vol. 3, No. 1: 1-12.
Neuman, W.L. (1997). Social Research Method: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Permana, R. Cecep Eka. (2008). “Pantun Baduy Pengukuh Tradisi Inti Jagad”. Paper Presented at the Seminar Internasional Tradisi Lisan Nusantara (Lisan VI), Wakatobi, Sulawesi Tenggara. 3 November-3 Desember 2008.
Prasetyo, Bagyo.(2015). Megalitik Fenomena Yang Berkembang Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional.
Rappaport, Roy A. (1999). Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Riyanto, Hermawan & Adriati, Ira. (2001). “Kultur Padi”. Pameran Jak Art 2001. Jakarta: Museum Nasional.
Rusnandar, Nandang. (2013). “Seba: Puncak Ritual Masyarakat Baduy di Kabupaten Lebak Provinsi Banten”. Patanjala: Journal of Historical and Cultural Research 5(1): 83- 100.
Sahar, Santri. (2019). “Kebudayaan Simbolik: Etnografi Religi Victor Turner,” Sosioreligius 4 (2): 1—12.
Soejono, R.P.(1993). Jaman Prasejarah di Indonesia. In M.D. Pusponegoro dan N. Notosusanto (Eds.), Sejarah Nasional Indonesia I. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
Simanjuntak, Harry Truman.(2019). Diaspora Austronesia Dalam Perspektif Regional dan Global. Seminar Nasional Arkeologi Indonesia Rumah Besar Austronesia Dari Masa Prasejerah Hingga Kini,” 19-21 November 2019. Bandung.
Singarimbun, M. & Effendi, S (Ed.). (1989). Metode Penelitian Survai. Jakarta: Lembaga Penelitian, Pendidikan dan Penerangan Ekonomi dan Sosial.
Supriatna, Endang. (2012). Upacara Seba pada Masyarakat Baduy. Pantanjala: Journal of Historical and Cultural Research, 4(3): 481-496.
Thohir, Mudjahirin. (2019). Etnografi Ideasional: Suatu Metodologi Penelitian Kebudayaan, Nusa: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra, 14 (2): 194-205.
Turner, Victor. (1968). The Drums of Affliction: A Study of Religious Processes among the Ndembu of Zambia. New York: Cornell University Press.
Turner, Victor. (1957). Schism and Continuity in an African Society. Oxford: Berg.
Winzeler, Robert L.(2011). The Peoples of Southeast Asia Today: Ethnography, Ethnology and Change in a Complex Region. Plymouth: AltaMira Press.