Last modified: 2018-08-09
Abstract
Abstract. Psychology as a science and applied has a major role in the education process to overcome environmental problems. Waste is everyone’s concern. Therefore ignorance towards waste could spark problems in a place, country, and even the whole world. The manner of properly littering the waste should be paid attention to, and the education of it must be given from any sides possible. The damages caused by waste happened in everywhere. Some of them are the damaged ozone layer that triggers global warming, water pollution that threatens animal’s genetics and reproduction, and metal emission that could affect all of the living being’s health. In Indonesia every person is estimated to waste 700 plastic bags each year. In nature, the nondegradable plastic bags become a serious threat to all lives and ecosystem. A careless act of littering and many problems related to waste management are things to reflect about by researchers about the importance of environment-related education, especially on treatment towards waste. It would be better if environmental education starts from an early age.
Indigenous culture of Indonesia such as wayang kancil be an alternative that can be collaborated as a media of psychoeducation of environmental caring character since an early age. And school becomes a place of education to solve waste problem through clean lifestyle psychoeducation. Wayang Kancil folktale uses animal characters as an alternative method to teach waste management since early age. The animal world is related to children's world, and through folktale, an interaction occurs between students and the storyteller.
Program about waste management could be taught and given to Indonesian children through a form of activity that involves teacher as someone that plays an important role in the learning process, and the early-aged children as a subject of the environmental education program. This action research involves 14 second-year kindergarten student from a pre-school institution in Yogyakarta. The A-B-A experiment design puts the hypotheses of wayang kancilfolk tale to stimulate waste management manner since early age to the test. Baseline, intervention, and reversal measurement was conducted consecutively on nine days with observation sheet. Comprehension test was carried out before and after intervention.
Observation result was analyzed using visual analysis meanwhile comprehension score is rated by paired sample t-test. Inter-rater reliability test results in 0.971 coefficient reliability. Pre and post intervention comprehension score increased rapidly (p=0,000 ;< 0,01). The result proves that wayang kancilfolk tale could increase comprehension and waste management manner on children of early age.
The analysis result proves that there is a significant difference on waste management behavior item on baseline phase compared to intervention and reversal phase. From the positive result of this study, researcher advise to take advantage of wayang kancil folk tale psychoeducation program as an interesting learning method and use psychology principals such as Bandura modeling. Moreover, the program could be integrated with other school program as preventive effort and overcome the act of littering or unhealthy food-buying. Teacher holds the main role in maintaining the previously shaped behavior in intervention process, so teachers are expected to also give better model in waste management behavior and taking advantage of a previously made module by observer to teach waste management behavior to other students that have never received similar psychoeducation program.
Keywords: folk tale, waste management, waste-littering manner, wayang kancil