Early stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at risk of developing end stage kidney disease (ESKD). The decline of kidney function can be delayed by adequate self-management behavior. Purpose of this study was to analyse factors associated with self-management behavior of patients at risk ESKD. This study was conducted using cross-sectional design of 129 patients at stage 1-4 CKD in one of hospital in Jakarta. Samples were obtained by consecutive sampling technique. The results of multiple linear regression  showed duration of disease, stage of disease, occupational status, number of illnesses, role of health workers, level of self-management knowledge, and self-efficacy as determinants of self-management behavior in patients at risk ESKD (p = 0,000; r = 0,781 ; R² = 0.587). The most dominant factor is self-efficacy (p = 0,000; r = 0,495) after being controlled by other variables. A good self-efficacy can enhance self-management behavior. Health services need to improve self-management behavior patients at risk of developing ESKD by increasing self-efficacy, knowledge, and the role of health workers.