The Chinese government often uses ‘historical and cultural grounds’ to explain what was perceived by the neighbouring Southeast Asia states as China’s ‘expansive taste’ in South China Sea. If ‘historical grounds’ refers to the nation’s fifteenth century fishing activity called the Nine-Dashed-Lines, then ‘cultural grounds’ refers to the nation’s ancient Confucian tradition. On that account, the paper posit to look closely on how China’s ‘historical and cultural ground’ influenced the country’s territorial claim in South China Sea. Constructivism will be used as a pathway to understand the role of identity behind China’s maritime behaviour.