This study aims to examine the efficiency performance of Indonesian private health insurance due to the application of BPJS regulation in 2014. This study compares the level of efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) output oriented. This study uses financial statements from 18 private insurance firms in 2009 to 2016.

Result of this study show that there is no significant different of firms’ efficiency before and after the application of BPJS regulation. In addition, we find that the efficiency of the joint venture health insurance companies decreased, while local health insurance efficiency increased during the observation periods. This is due to a significant decline in investment returns of the joint venture health insurance companies in 2015. The results of this study are in accordance with the results of Cummins et al. (2016), where the efficiency improvements only occur in small companies.

Keywords : DEA, Efficiency, Universal Insurance, Comparative analysis.