Last modified: 2019-07-18
Abstract
Objective: Indonesian cassia (Cinnamomum burmanii Blume) is commonly used as a condiment, its reported contain a number of major phytochemical constituents such as Trans-Cinnamaldehyde and Coumarin. Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan) is a native plant from South east Asia, containing Brazilin which is widely known as red pigments. A number of studies have shown that these natural products have beneficial effects for diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to obtain the optimum extraction conditions using Choline Chloride-Glycerol based NADES to increase Trans-Cinnamaldehyde and Brazilin contents from Indonesian cassia and Sappan Wood.
Methods: The powdered of Indonesian cassia and Sappan wood were extracted using Chloride-Glycerol based NADES with 3 different variable levels: ratio of Gylcerol vs ChCl; ratio of powder vs NADES; and the water addition in NADES. All variables were designed using response surface methodology provide 15 run of extraction conditions. The extraction performed using MAE for 30 and 50 minutes respectively for Indonesian cassia and Sappan wood. Determination the active compound contents was carried out by HPLC equipped UV-VIS detector with λmaks at 280 nm.
Results: The optimization carried out results the highest and lowest content of Trans-Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin and Brazilin, respectively: 1907.32 & 453.59 μg/ml; 1780.87 & 616.76 μg/ml; 368,67 & 74.21 μg/ml. This result is higher than the conventional extraction method, which 5000 ppm Indonesian cassia reflux extract only contain 108.45 μg/ml Trans-Cinnamaldehyde. Likewise 1000 ppm Sappan wood contain only124.64 μg/ml Brazilin. To obtain maximum Trans-Cinnamaldehyde content with minimum Coumarin content, the extraction coditions performed sugested use ratio of Gycerol vs ChCl 1:2 (w/w); ratio of powder vs NADES 1:8 (w/w); and 20% water content in NADES; These conditions are predicted will produce Trans-Cinnamaldehyde and Coumarin as large as 1150.14 and 920.43 μg/ml respectively. Meanwhile to obtain maximum Brazilin content, ratio Gycerol vs ChCl 1:2 (w/w); ratio of powder vs NADES2:1 (w/w); and 47.57% water content in NADES are predicted will produce 373.28 μg/ml Brazilin.
Conclusion: Chloride-Glycerol based NADES found suitable to extract active compounds from Indonesian cassia and Sappan wood, moreover this solvent is more effective than conventional methods.