Javanese turmeric rhizome is one of plants that has anti-inflammatory activity caused by its content such as curcumin, flavonoid and xanthorrizol. Javanese turmeric rhizome extract was made into nanoparticle size. The nanoparticle is presumed to have better anti-inflammatory activity because of its advantages one of which is to increase drug bioavailability. The aim of this study was to compare anti-inflammatory effectiveness of the extract and the nanoparticles of extract. The extract was obtained by kinetic maceration using ethanol 96% (v/v) as a solvent while the nanoparticles was prepared by ionic gelation method. The generated nanoparticles were characterized  for their particle size and zeta potential. Anti-inflammatory study used Winter method with rats as animal models. In this study male rats used is Sprague-Dawley strains and were divided into 4 groups, namely negative control (sodium CMC 1%), positive control (sodium diclofenac 1.8 mg/kg BW), the extract (225 mg/kg BW), and the nanoparticles (225 mg/kg BW). Nanoparticles used in this study demonstrated 151 nm in particle size and +51.4 mV in zeta potential. Based on statistical test, the nanoparticle displayed better anti-inflammatory activity than the effect of the extract and sodium diclofenac. The inhibition percentage of paw edema of the nanoparticles, the extract and sodium diclofenac were 25.73%, 10.77% and 15.59%. Accordingly, the nanoparticles could be a promising strategy for delivery of the extract to the inflammatory organs.